Pakistan Traditional view

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Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz (PML-N) Roots

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Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz (PML-N) Roots The immediate roots of the PML-N lie in the merging of various PML factions in 1985 into becoming a single entity again. The merging took place on the behest of Pakistan’s third military dictator, General Ziaul Haq(11) who needed a civilian expression of his rule in a handpicked National Assembly. The factions that came together to form the 1985 version of PML had historical links with two PML groups that had emerged in 1962 during the Ayub Khan dictatorship (Council and Convention). PML-Convention was pro-Ayub whereas PML-Council oopposed him. Both the Convention and Council Leagues were mostly made up of members who had been active in Pakistan’s first ruling party, the Muslim League that in turn was an extension of the All India Muslim League (AIML). AIML was the leading Muslim party in undivided India during the ‘Pakistan Movement’. Though formed in 1906 to represent the economic, political and social interests of Ind...
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Muttahida Qaumi Movement (MQM) Roots MQM was formed as Mohajir Qaumi Movement in 1984 by Altaf Hussain and Azeem Ahmed Tariq as a party representing the political and economic interests of Sindh’s Mohajir (Urdu-speaking) population. Altaf and Azeem were students at the Karachi University in 1978 where they had first formed the All Pakistan Mohajir Students Federation (APMSO). The launching of the APMSO outside the Arts Lobby at the Karachi University, June 1978. The much overlooked reason behind the APMSO’s evolution into giving birth to the MQM is an economic one. According to famous Sindhi scholar, Ibrahim Joyo, ‘Punjabi economic hegemony’ increased immensely in Sindh during the dictatorship of Ziaul Haq(22). This situation had a negative impact on Karachi’s leading business communities (Memons, Gujaratis and other non-Punjabi business outfits). In such a situation these communities formed the Maha Sindh (MS) — an organisation set up to protect the intere...
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Awami National Party (ANP) Roots The roots of the ANP lie in the National Awami Party (NAP). NAP was formed in 1957 by leftist Pushtun, Sindhi, Baloch and Bengali nationalists and Marxist Punjabi and Mohajir elements. In the 1960s NAP was the country’s largest leftist party until the arrival of the PPP in 1967. NAP mainly comprised of Pushtun and Baloch nationalist leadership. It won a majority of seats in the former NWFP and Balochistan in the 1970 election and formed coalition governments in these provinces. People gather outside NAP office in Quetta to celebrate the party’s victory in Balochistan during the 1970 election. In 1973 the PPP/Z A. Bhutto regime dismissed the NAP regime in Balochistan, accusing it of instigating a separatist movement in Balochistan. The NAP-led coalition government in the NWFP resigned in protest. NAP leader and Governor of Balochistan, Ghous Bakhsh Bezinjo, escorting foreign delegates at the Quetta Airport in 1973. In 197...
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